Valleys Carved by Glaciers vs Rivers

How can you distinguish a valley carved by a glacier from a valley carved by a river?

Can you explain the key differences between these two types of valleys?

Answer:

A valley carved by a glacier can be distinguished from a valley carved by a river based on their cross-section shape, as well as the presence of moraines and floodplains.

Valleys carved by glaciers and rivers have distinct characteristics that help differentiate between them. When you observe a valley, knowing the differences can help you determine whether it was carved by a glacier or a river.

Glacial valleys typically have a U-shaped cross-section. This means that they are wider and have steep, straight sides. In contrast, river valleys often have a V-shaped cross-section, with a narrower width and more gently-sloping sides.

In addition to the cross-section shape, glacial valleys may have moraines. Moraines are deposits of rocks and sediments that were left behind by the moving glacier. These can be seen as ridges or mounds in the valley. On the other hand, river valleys may have floodplains. Floodplains are flat areas adjacent to the river where sediment is deposited during flood events.

By examining the shape of the valley and looking for signs of moraines or floodplains, you can easily distinguish between valleys carved by glaciers and rivers.