Atoms and Isotopes: Understanding the Basics

What are atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons called?

Is it:

A. Anions

B. Ions

C. Cations

D. Isotopes

Answer:

D. Isotopes

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons in their nucleus but differ in the number of neutrons they contain. This variation in the number of neutrons gives isotopes different atomic weights. For example, carbon-12 and carbon-14 are both isotopes of carbon. They both have 6 protons, but carbon-12 has 6 neutrons while carbon-14 has 8 neutrons.

Isotopes are important in various scientific fields, including chemistry, biology, and geology. They can be used for dating fossils, understanding chemical reactions, and tracing the movement of elements in living organisms. Scientists often use isotopes as tracers to study biological processes and environmental changes.

Understanding isotopes is crucial in many aspects of science, as they provide valuable information about the structure and behavior of elements. By studying isotopes, scientists can uncover insights into the history of our planet, the composition of materials, and the fundamental properties of matter.