The Genetic Marker that Determines Blood Type

Understanding the Rh Marker

The Rh marker is another genetic marker that plays a crucial role in determining an individual's blood type. In addition to the ABO markers that determine blood type (A, B, AB, O), the Rh marker determines whether the blood type is positive or negative.

The Rh marker is classified based on the presence or absence of the Rh antigen on the surface of red blood cells. If an individual has the Rh D antigen present on their red blood cells, they are described as Rh positive (Rh+). On the other hand, individuals who lack the Rh D antigen are classified as Rh negative (Rh¯).

The presence or absence of the Rh antigen is inherited genetically, just like the ABO blood group markers. The combination of ABO and Rh markers creates the eight common blood types found in humans, such as A+, B-, AB+, O-, and so on.

It is essential to know an individual's Rh status, especially during pregnancy and blood transfusions. Rh incompatibility between the mother and the fetus can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn, a condition where the mother's antibodies attack the baby's Rh-positive red blood cells.

Overall, the Rh marker is an essential genetic factor that influences blood compatibility and plays a significant role in medical interventions related to blood transfusions and pregnancies.