Exploring the Mysteries of Genetic Code

How many amino acids are coded for by DNA codons?

Options:

A. 20

B. 64

C. 4

D. 12

Answer:

The correct answer is B. 64.

Each DNA codon codes for a specific amino acid, and there are a total of 64 codons that specify the 20 different amino acids used to build proteins in living organisms.

The genetic code is degenerate, meaning that some amino acids are encoded by more than one codon. For example, the amino acid leucine can be encoded by six different codons (UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, CUG).

This complexity in the genetic code allows for redundancy and robustness in protein synthesis, ensuring that errors in DNA replication or transcription may be tolerated without compromising the overall integrity of the biological system.

Understanding the relationship between DNA codons and the amino acids they represent is crucial in deciphering the molecular basis of life and exploring the intricacies of genetic information transfer.